• Since the cloning of ARs in the beginning of

  2024-01-13

  

  Since the cloning of ARs in the beginning of the 1990s, the efforts to characterize them have led to the accumulation of a substantial amount of experimental data. Decades of site-directed mutagenesis (SDM; Box 1) studies, in combination with pharmacological data and computational modeling, have pav

• br The role of AMPK beyond energy

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  The role of AMPK beyond Iloperidone homeostasis: regulating metabolism AMPK plays a major role in glucose homeostasis by modulating glucose transport in peripheral tissues [20]. Skeletal muscle, one of the main peripheral tissues involved in glucose uptake and disposal, expresses glucose transpo

• Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused b

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  Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused by toxic agents can be determined by measuring certain enzymes released by damaged cells [8]. The cholinesterases, for example, catalyze the hydrolysis of CFTRinh-172 synthesis (ACh) in choline and acetic acid. Theses enzymes are divided in

• br Funding br Introduction The interest in the effects of

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  Funding Introduction The interest in the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment continues to increase over the past decade, specifically those that act on steroidogenic pathways. EDCs that include synthetic androgenic and estrogenic compounds can severely a

• Acknowledgements The work was supported by

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  Acknowledgements The work was supported by grants from Swedish Research Council (J.Z.H.) (A.R.M.). We thank Protein Science Facility (PSF), Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. We thank Prof. Ralf Morgenstern (Department for Environmental Medic

• 2881 Regarding the HT B receptors they act as terminal recep

  2024-01-13

  

  Regarding the 5-HT1B receptors, they act as terminal receptors and are involved in the presynaptic regulation of the release of 5-HT. But at spinal level these receptors are principally situated post-synaptically (Sari, 2004). The ability of autoreceptors to regulate extracellular levels of 5-HT dur

• The extent to which GPCR oligomerization

  2024-01-13

  

  The extent to which GPCR oligomerization is a regulated process still remains unclear. Reported effects of ligands on both GPCR homo- and heteromers are highly variable and depend on GPCR subtypes and the specific ligand used. According to our data, chronic treatment of mice with both paroxetine or

• br Introduction Nausea and vomiting are among

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  Introduction Nausea and vomiting are among the most distressing side effects associated with chemotherapy in cancer patients (Billio et al., 2010). Severe emesis can negatively affect a patient's nutritional state, ability to work and motivation, which can, in turn, interfere with the clinical co

• The synthesis of compounds in which the ethyl linker has

  2024-01-13

  

  The synthesis of compounds in which the ethyl linker has been modified to the carbamate and urea derivatives , and is shown in . Thus the diamine was reacted with glycolic Bacitracin to give the alcohol followed by Mitsunobu reaction with phthalimide to give . Deprotection with hydrazine gave t

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgments This

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  Conclusion Acknowledgments This research has been supported by the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund 2013 of Chulalongkorn University (CU-56-341-AS) and the Ratchadapiseksompotch Fund (RA55/22), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. The authors commemorate the 100th Anniversary of

• br The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy

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  The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to

• Polyphenols like flavonoids have the potential

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  Polyphenols like flavonoids have the potential to penetrate into lipid bilayers which is vital for enabling protection against oxidation. Rosmarinic CHIR-124 is a natural polyphenol antioxidant isolated from Sphaeranthus amaranthoides. Polyphenols can inhibit the propagation of lipid oxidation by tw

• The most likely explanation for the species differences in a

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  The most likely explanation for the species differences in aromatase distribution and the unique 81 5 mg distribution in humans is the unique location, size and highly elaborate organization of the human aromatase gene (e.g. Bulun et al., 2003). The human Cyp19 is a large gene located on chromosome

• Additional support for a role of HMGN

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  Additional support for a role of HMGN1 in enhancing DNA repair comes from studies of transcription-coupled repair (TCR) in human cells. Lesions in the template strand of DNA induced by UV light stall the movement of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and interrupt transcription. Removal of these transcripti

• Despite the absence of disulfide bonds in its linear structu

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  Despite the absence of disulfide bonds in its linear structure, KT43C displays antifungal and antibacterial activity. Disulfide bonds are determinants of defensins' integrity and have been reported to increase the antimicrobial activity (Jenssen et al., 2006). However, some linear derivatives of AMP

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